The print illustrates scenes of Naraka (hell), where sinners face different punishments depending on their deeds in life, as described in Hindu scriptures like the Garuda Purana and Manusmriti.
Each square shows a different punishment—burning in fire, being beaten, crushed, boiled, or attacked by animals—acting as a visual moral guide.
Purpose & Cultural Significance
These oleographs were often displayed in homes, schools, or temples to remind people of the consequences of sinful actions.
They combine mythology, morality, and storytelling in visual form.
Publisher – Modern Litho Works, Mumbai
Active in the mid-20th century, known for producing a wide range of religious and moral prints after the decline of the Ravi Varma Press.
Their prints are easily identifiable by bold colors, square-panel storytelling format, and publisher marks at the bottom.
Age & Collectibility
Approx. 1940s–1960s.
Rare subject matter compared to more common goddess and epic prints.
Highly collectible among enthusiasts of Hindu mythology, Ravi Varma school oleographs, and vintage educational/religious art.
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